日時 10月28日（月）13:00-14:00
場所 東北アジア研究センター4F大会議室（川内合同研究棟4F436号室）
【報告１】
Prof. Konstantinos Zorbas
Visiting Associate Professor, CNEAS
Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Shandong University
使用言語：英語
タイトル：
The Afterlives of Shamanic Spirits: Artifacts and Personhood in Manchu Ethnic Museums (Northeast China)
概要：
In this presentation, I shall interpret a range of visual materials, obtained during fieldwork in a “Manchu territory”, within an analytic frame adopted from the study of North Asian ontologies. The anthropology of “ontologies” among indigenous Siberian and Arctic societies has highlighted the existence of multiple “realities” or realms in which humans perform (shamanic) rituals to establish – or disrupt – relationships with spirits and other non-human agents (who also appear in spirit-forms). Drawing ideas from this theory of a shamanic “multiverse” present among North Asian societies, this lecture will expand the subject of animist “ontologies” through a study of artifacts in a Manchu ethnic museum (Jilin Province). The ethnographic data will show how ritual artifacts provide links to re-establish relationships with ancestral and shamanic spirits, which were discontinued as a result of the state’s anti-religious mobilizations during the Cultural Revolution.
Using the Siberian scholarship of post-socialist shamanic and Buddhist revival as a background to analyzing the renewed significance of ritual artifacts in this ethnic area of north China, I argue that the visibility of ethnic religious features is suggestive of a grassroots revitalization movement, which evolves in the margins of the Chinese state. I adopt the term “revitalization cult” from the anthropological scholarship of millenarian and charismatic religions or “protest cults” (see, for instance, Ioan Lewis’s Ecstatic Religion, 1971) as a conceptual frame for considering how a diverse community of cultural actors (such as ethnic Manchu shamanic revivalists and heritage specialists) reinvent their ancestors’ spiritual ontology throughout practices politically sanctioned or authorized by the local state.
概要：
In this presentation, I shall interpret a range of visual materials, obtained during fieldwork in a “Manchu territory”, within an analytic frame adopted from the study of North Asian ontologies. The anthropology of “ontologies” among indigenous Siberian and Arctic societies has highlighted the existence of multiple “realities” or realms in which humans perform (shamanic) rituals to establish – or disrupt – relationships with spirits and other non-human agents (who also appear in spirit-forms). Drawing ideas from this theory of a shamanic “multiverse” present among North Asian societies, this lecture will expand the subject of animist “ontologies” through a study of artifacts in a Manchu ethnic museum (Jilin Province). The ethnographic data will show how ritual artifacts provide links to re-establish relationships with ancestral and shamanic spirits, which were discontinued as a result of the state’s anti-religious mobilizations during the Cultural Revolution.
Using the Siberian scholarship of post-socialist shamanic and Buddhist revival as a background to analyzing the renewed significance of ritual artifacts in this ethnic area of north China, I argue that the visibility of ethnic religious features is suggestive of a grassroots revitalization movement, which evolves in the margins of the Chinese state. I adopt the term “revitalization cult” from the anthropological scholarship of millenarian and charismatic religions or “protest cults” (see, for instance, Ioan Lewis’s Ecstatic Religion, 1971) as a conceptual frame for considering how a diverse community of cultural actors (such as ethnic Manchu shamanic revivalists and heritage specialists) reinvent their ancestors’ spiritual ontology throughout practices politically sanctioned or authorized by the local state.
【報告2】
辻森 樹 東北アジア研究センター 地球化学研究分野 教授
使用言語
日本語
タイトル：
実は皆が知らない？最近の学術誌出版事情
概要
研究者が自身の研究成果を執筆し、専門家による査読を経て公表することは、多くの分野で研究者の本業である。しかし近年、電子ジャーナル間の競争が激化する中で、出版費用の高騰や捕食出版ビジネスなど、新たな課題が浮上している。また、サラミ出版（論文の不当な分割投稿）など、研究倫理教育の問題も顕在化している。さらに、ほとんど引用されない論文に対しては「研究廃棄物」という言葉まで生まれている。講演者はこれまでに13誌の編集に携わり、現在も編集長を含む11誌で編集ボランティアを行いながら、350回を超える査読経験を有し、学術誌の出版事情がダイナミックに変化する様子を現場レベルで体験してきた。本講演では、学術雑誌における査読ポリシーの種類やプラットフォームの現状など、知られているようで、あまり知られていない最近の学術誌出版事情について紹介する。
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